RomCom
aka Storm-0978, Tropical Scorpius, UNC2596
A Russia-aligned group that carries out both financially motivated crime and espionage. It has used unknown flaws in software such as WinRAR and Firefox at least three times.
- Alert level
- 2/ 5
- Reports & advisories (90 days)
- 0
- Known exploited CVEs
- 4
- Personal data leaked (disclosed)
- None confirmed
Attribution
- Assessed with high confidence as Russia-aligned — ESET
Exploited vulnerabilities and targeted products
CVE-2025-8088 CVE-2024-9680 CVE-2024-49039 CVE-2023-36884
If you run any of these products, first make sure they are updated to a fixed version.
How they attack
Entry
Archives disguised as CVs
Like a job-application envelope whose contents slip into other cabinets in the office once opened.
Entry
Exploiting web browsers
Like just looking at a shop window and being pulled inside through a crack in the glass.
Goal
Back doors for spying or profit
Like a burglar who leaves a copied key behind and comes back for papers or cash as needed.
Sources
Attributions are quoted as assessed by governments and security vendors. VulnPulse does not make attributions itself.
Leak counts only add up figures disclosed by the affected companies or authorities, never the attackers' own claims. We do not list victim names or link to leak sites.
The alert level is calculated automatically from reports and advisories in the last 90 days, known exploited vulnerabilities, and whether the group has targeted Japan.
Updated 2026-10-23 · daily