MirrorFace
aka Earth Kasha
An espionage group targeting Japanese government agencies, think tanks, politicians, media and high-tech firms. It gets in through VPN appliance flaws and emails with booby-trapped documents.
- Alert level
- 3/ 5
- Reports & advisories (90 days)
- 0
- Known exploited CVEs
- 3
- Personal data leaked (disclosed)
- None confirmed
Attribution
- Assessed as an organized campaign with suspected Chinese involvement — Japan's National Police Agency and National Cybersecurity Office
Exploited vulnerabilities and targeted products
CVE-2023-28461 CVE-2023-27997 CVE-2023-3519
If you run any of these products, first make sure they are updated to a fixed version.
How they attack
Entry
Exploiting internet-facing devices
Like finding a broken lock on the company's front gate (VPN or firewall) and walking in.
Entry
Emails pretending to be someone you know
Like a letter from a 'colleague' with an envelope that springs a trap when opened.
Inside
Hiding inside legitimate features
Like working from a sealed side room (Windows Sandbox, VS Code remote tunnels) where the guards rarely look.
Goal
Quietly stealing information
Like a spy who stays for months, copying files from the cabinet a little at a time.
Sources
Attributions are quoted as assessed by governments and security vendors. VulnPulse does not make attributions itself.
Leak counts only add up figures disclosed by the affected companies or authorities, never the attackers' own claims. We do not list victim names or link to leak sites.
The alert level is calculated automatically from reports and advisories in the last 90 days, known exploited vulnerabilities, and whether the group has targeted Japan.
Updated 2026-10-23 · daily